Understanding Nail Growth: Phases, Speed, and Influencing Factors

Nail growth is a fascinating biological process and plays a central role in the work of nail designers and cosmetologists. At MONLIS School in Munich, one of the leading institutions for manicure and pedicure training in Germany, this topic is given special attention. Understanding the structure and growth of natural nails is key to providing professional, long-lasting, and healthy treatments.

The Anatomy of the Natural Nail

Before looking at growth phases, it’s important to understand the structure of the nail. The human nail consists of several parts:

• Matrix – the growth center where new cells are produced

• Nail bed – the skin beneath the nail plate

• Nail plate – the visible, hard part of the nail

• Cuticle – protects the matrix from bacteria

• Lunula (half-moon) – the visible part of the matrix

The matrix plays the most important role in nail growth—it continuously produces new cells that move outward and keratinize to form the nail plate.

Nail Growth Phases

Nails go through several developmental stages:

1. Anagen Phase (Growth Phase):
   New cells are actively produced in the matrix.
   
   

2. Catagen Phase (Transition Phase):
   A brief slowing down of cell production.
   
   

3. Telogen Phase (Resting Phase):
   Very short for nails and barely noticeable—growth soon resumes.

Unlike hair, nails don’t experience a full growth stop. They grow slowly but steadily.

How Fast Do Nails Grow?

The average nail growth rate for fingernails is around 2–4 mm per month. Toenails grow more slowly—about 1–2 mm per month. A full fingernail regrowth takes approximately 4–6 months, while a toenail can take 9–12 months.

Growth can vary significantly depending on individual lifestyle and health. Nails tend to grow faster in summer and more slowly in winter. Age, nutrition, and general health all play roles.

Key Factors Influencing Nail Growth

1. Age:
Younger people typically experience faster cell turnover, leading to quicker nail growth.

2. Nutrition:
Vitamins such as biotin, vitamin B12, zinc, and iron promote healthy nail development.

3. Blood circulation:
Regular hand massages or treatments can stimulate blood flow to the matrix.

4. General health:
Chronic illnesses, hormonal imbalances, or medications may slow nail growth.

5. Mechanical stimulation:
Gentle use of hands (typing, massaging) can encourage growth, while excessive filing or improper care can hinder it.

6. Seasonal changes:
Warm temperatures in summer boost circulation and growth; colder months slow these processes.

Why This Knowledge Is Essential for Professionals

At MONLIS School Munich, understanding the growth cycles and structure of nails is a fundamental part of training. This knowledge helps future nail professionals to:

• Tailor treatments to the nail's current state

• Provide personalized advice to clients

• Recognize and prevent potential nail damage

• Realistically estimate the longevity of nail enhancements and coatings

Knowing how nails grow means delivering better, longer-lasting results and establishing yourself as a competent, responsible beauty professional.

Nail growth is a continuous and complex process, influenced by many internal and external factors. For aspiring nail technicians, understanding the phases of growth, nail anatomy, and influencing factors is essential. The MONLIS School in Munich provides practical, up-to-date, and scientifically grounded education to support professional, customized, and long-term success in the beauty industry.